Spectral analysis of calcium imaging reveals a theta-enriched neuron subpopulation that encodes social behavior. We examined whether frequency-band characteristics of individual neurons can predict social behavioral states using calcium imaging from mouse prefrontal cortex across 18 sessions with 3,938 neurons. We found that theta-band power increases during social interaction (Cohen's d = 0.235, p < 0.001), and identified two neuronal subpopulations: 70% infraslow-dominated and 30% delta/theta-enriched. Only the minority subpopulation significantly classifies social vs. solo behavior (AUC = 0.570, p = 0.020), with the discriminative feature being the theta/delta ratio rather than raw power.
Project Website